And george shield



NA PETERS, PHOTO LITNOGRAPH UNITED sTATEs PATENT OFFICE.

ROBERT GRIEEITHs, OE ALLEGHENY, PENNSYLVANIA, AND` GEORGE SHIELD, OE iCINCINNATI, OHIO, AssIGNoRs To ROBERT eRIEEITRs. j

MACHINE FOR FORG'ING HOVRSESHOES.

Specification of Letters :Patent` No.

To all whom, t may concern:

Be it known that we, ROBERT GRIFEITHS, of Allegheny city, in the countyof Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, and GEORGE SHIELD, ofCincinnati, in the county of Hamilton and State of Ohio, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Machinery for Making Horseshoes;and we do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exactdescrip-tion thereof, refer-l ence being had to the accompanyingdrawings, and to letters of reference marked thereon, forming a part ofthis specification,y and in which- Figure l, is a perspective view ofthe entire machine. Fig. 2, is a vertical section parallel to, andimmediately in front of, the bending jaws. Fig. 3, is a verticalsection,- in the plane of motion ofthe punching'v grooving and swagingmechanism. Fig. 4,f is a horizontal section through the cutting,i`

forcing up, bending, swaging, and grooving 1,

and punching apparatus. Fig. 5, is a face Fig. 6, is a. side view of thesame; Fig. 7, is a perspective view of a punching-bit. Fig. i 8, is aperspective view of a grooving bit'.

Our invention consists in an arrangement of mechanism, whereby theheated bar, when once put into the machine, undergoes thel severaloperations, of cutting toa Vsuitable length, bending, swaging orstampingto a proper width and thickness In Its several parts, grooving to embedthe nail heads, and punching the nail holes, successively, and before itleaves the machine, and has reference more particularly, to the securevreten- `tion or gripping of the bar, during the performance of theseveral operations above enumerated; also to the method o-f preventingthe bar from bending laterally, during the operation of turning itaround the former; to the making the bending jaws and swaging block,subservient to the secure retention of the shoe, and connementof itsouter margin, during the process of grooving and punching; tothe mannerof imparting to the shoe', the desired width and thickness at everypart, and of grooving and punching the nail holes, whilst the shoe isclamped edgewise and atwise, by the mechanism which formed it; also to adetachable arrangement of the punching and grooving bits, and clampingshoulders or bosses, ad-

Iaila, dated December 19, i854.

ing the punching and grooving bits tgo'rev cede suddenly, afterperforming theinwork,

.and the former which gives the'inte'rnal ,091kl tour to the shoe to bewithdrawn, .before ,the shoe is released from the grip of the bendingjaws and swaging block, in order that the shoe may drop freely, themovement it is released by said bending jaws; and lastltheapplication'of a current of water, to a; l f

parts of the machine which come in contact with the heated metal.V

To enable Others to make and use our ma;- 'l i chine, we proceed todescribe its construction and operation. ,n

(a) are different portions' th@ plate, on which, are 'erected' standards(lb) which support the journals (c)-,ofy the bending levers (d d', e efhereinafter'more,jl ar,- ticularly described; at right angles to t;`4ese standards are others f), also bolted on thebed plate, which affordjournal bearing y I to the shearing gripping and forcing'up)livelv ver(g), and to the swaging lever (Zt), and the grooving, and punchinglevers .v (1').

(z') are the several parts ofj a set of gea-rs ing, giving simultaneousand uniform r tion to the'axis of six cams, two .ofwhieh l (j) operatethebending levers d), the one (1) operates the cutting and grippinglever (g), and the one (l) the swaginglever (71,), and the two drop cams(2) Oneon either-side of the cam (Z), outside fof the standards (f f),give momentary actiorilto the grooving and .punching levers .(1);I thesecams are of such form and siz'eQas'to produce the several operations ofgripping,

cutting, bending, swaging, punching, ac., hereinafter more fully.described; thel upper portions of the standards f f), `are formed intoguide frames (F F) for the sliding boxes (m, n), having motionhorizontally toward and lfrom each other; the box has attached to one ofits vertical ,edges on the advancing end, a cutter y,or shearingbit (p)which is bolted to a bracket (g`)"`"p`rojecting from the side of theframe'l (F) the shoe, this spring stop (3) being inclined Vobliquely,Ain the direction of the travel of the severed piece of the bar, as itproceeds into its position over the bending jaws, serves to hold itendwise until it is firmly gripped atits center, both edgewise andflatwise by the gripper (o), and carried by it into the aforesaidposition.

I -The gripper (0) is somewhat of a T form,;lying horizontally under theend of the sliding box (m), the two corresponding outer ends being heldby springs (4), which tend to hold it back until the v sliding box (m)advances, in the progress of which, and about the time the bar issevered, it grips it at the center fiatwise, between said box and thecentral projection of the gripper which turns upward, when the gripperis carried forward with the sliding box, and in its progress, is causedto rise on an inclined plane on thehub of the bending lever, 'and thushaving a step in the angle, of suitable height to receive the width ofthe bar, grip it edgewise, between said step and the underside of themale former (u) the inner contour of the shoe is given by the mandrel ormale former (u), and the block or shank to which it is attached isconvex on its face around the former, in order to impart theusualfconcave form to the upper side of the shoe, (that is, the sideapplied to the horses foot,) which is desirable in'order to cause thefm'ain bearing o-r pressure of the shoe, when in use, to come againstvthe hard outer portion of the hoof; the shank of this former, 'as alsothe sliding box containing it, have rectangular slots, passingvertically thro-ugh them, for .the insertion of the head (G) of thelever (g), this inner shank has about an inch play longitudinally withinthe box, so that both in advancing and receding, it has progressedsomewhat before the box is carried with it,`this enables the bar to besecurely gripped, before the cutting bit has time to come into action.

j The bending jaws (e e) have bolted to them dies or bits, whose edgesare curved to correspond with the desired external contour of the shoe,their working edges are also channeled or hollowed longitudinally, whichserves a valuable purpose, a common and fatal objection has hithertobeen urged against machine made shoes, that they are not grooved andpunched sufficiently near the outer edge, so that when in use, the nailscome too near the quick of the hoof, this improper position of them hasarisen from the liability of the metal to spread, and crack at the edge,when the punches were brought too near the outer margin of the shoe;this radical defect has been eifectually remedied in our machine, by thesimple application of channeled edges to the bending dies, and which byholding the stuff within its proper bounds, admits ofthe punching andgrooving being done, at any desired proximity to its outer edge, to evena greater nicety than when made by hand; there are also pivoted to thesedies at the lower corner, plates or cheeks, (5) on that side of the diesaway from the male former (u), they are of the same curve on their edge,as that of the dies to which they are attached; when the levers aredown, the upper corners of the cheeks, are forced forward by the springs(6) on the top of the levers (d cl) and continue in that relativeposition to the dies, until their edges have arrived at the intendedposition of the external margin of the shoe, when their further progressis arrested by the set screws A(7) coming in contact with the stops (8),and the dies are allowed to advance, until their edges are even withthose of the cheeks, by compressing the Isprings (6), the object ofthese cheeks it will be readily seen, is to prevent the bar from bendingsideways, or slipping ofi' the bending dies; acting -for this purpose,in connection with the face plate of the shearing apparatus, on theother side of the said dies, during the operation of turning it aroundthe former; the action of these bending jaws is so timed, by means ofthe cams &c., as to take place immediately after the severed bar hasbeen advanced over the dies, by the mechanism before described thecombined action of the bending jaws and male former, to shape the'shoe,is conceived to be too obvious, to need more detailed description.

The frame (F) is also occupied by a sliding box (n), having a verticalslot through it, for the play of the lever (h), but it is not operatedby. said lever; through the center of this sliding box, longitudinally,is inserted vanother rectangular frame (9), thro-ugh the slot in whichthe head of the lever (h) passes, and by which it is operated toward andfrom the male former; to

Vthe face end of this frame is attached, by

dovetailed joint or otherwise, a former or swaging die (1l), which whenforced up or forward, its around the male former (u), and presses theshoe over the whole extent of its face, from the line of the nail holesto its inner margin, and is so formed as to impart the proper relativewidth and thickness tothe shoe throughout, by the' action of the lever(7Ll forcing it forward, while the opposite si e of the shoe, issupported. by the male former being held sta-` tionary, during thatperiod of the revolution ofthe camv that operates it; the outer slidingbox (n), whichl lits closely around the swaging die, is flat on itsface, and is fitted with grooving and punching bits, ar-

ranged close around theaperture through; which the swagingl diev works;thesey bits aref held firmly in their place by clamps or bosses (y),that part in which they are placed, being cut out and beveled under, andthe bits flaring outward at their base, so that when in place they forma curved dovetail j ointin the clamps and have a solid bearing square tothe line of their motion on the face of the box 5 ythis box has a suddenand momentary motion imparted to it through the levers (1), connectedwith it by arms (l0) projecting through slots in either side of theframe (F), and having a fulcrum common to both them and the lever (71,),on the same shaft, and are operated by two drop cams (2); these as wellas the one that operates the swaging die, are compound levers, soconstructed, for the purpose of adjusting their action, to regulate andproportion, the thickness of the shoe to its other measurements withaccuracy.

The dies on the bending levers, are so formed as to squeeze the heels ofthe shoe, narrower than the toe, and by this, together with the swagingdie before described, the relative proportions both of width andthickness, are produced throughout the different part-s of the shoe; thesliding block or shank to which the male former is attached, isperforated with two holes, passing vertically through it, on each sideof the central projection. close in rear of the convex part which formsthe under side of the shoe, and small branch holes from them, throughsaid convex part, to meet the points of the punches when they havepierced the shoe; these are for a two-fold purpose, first, of affordingvan escape for any small particles, that may be cut out by the punches,and secondly, of admitting a stream of water to pass through, and strikethe points of the punches when they have pierced the shoe, and thuspreserving their temper, as well as that of the several dies which comein contact with the heated metal, rendering them by this means far moredurable than they would otherwise be, and also of preventing anyexpansion of the male former, which would otherwise be liable to make itbind in the shoe and swaging die.

In operating the machine to form the shoe, a bar of iron of suitablesize in breadth and thickness, and of convenient length, is first heatedto a red or probably a white heat, it is then introduced into themachine and grips the bar fiatwise, between it and the gripper (0), thesliding box (m) with shoe, and carries it forward, (in its travel thegrip-perl is Vborne up, by risingV the inclined periphery of the hub ofthe bending levers, and thus grips the bar, both, edgewise andflatwise), until it arrives in its position over the bending levers,which are then raised\by the cams, and bend the bar around the former;the swaging die is next forced forward, and presses the shoe, impartingthe proper .proportions of width and thickness, as before described; andlastly the grooving and punching dies are advanced, and pierce the shoe,they being operated by drop cams, suddenly recede; during the operationof swaging and punching, the shoe is held stationary by the bendingjaws, and former; the moment the punches have passed through the metal,they are each met by a jet of water, from the water passages, beforedescribed, which cools them, the shoe being now completed, and thepunches, withdrawn, the former and .swaging die next recede, then thebending jaws, when the shoe is left resting on the step of the gripper(o), free to fall to either side through the center of the machine.

Having thus fully described the nature, construction, and operation ofthe machine, what we claim therein as new, and desire to secure byLetters Patent, is-

1. The arrangement of the sliding former and rising gripper or theirequivalents operated soas to grip the bar both edgewise and flatwise atits midlength, substantially as described.

2. The spring projecting plates or cheeks endwi'se, through thekaperture (r)l in the bracket (g), until its extremity reaches the springstop (3) at the opposite side of 'the frame (F), when, the machine being-in motion, the male former is first advanced,

on the one side of the dies of the bending ,i

jaws, acting in connection with the `face plate of the sliding shearingapparatus on their other side, for the purpose of preventing the metalfrom bending laterally, while being turned around the former.

3. Ve claim the channeled bending jaws for the purpose of confining theouter margin of the shoe during the process of groovingand punching; theside of the shoe being supported by the convex shoulders, of the maleformer substantially as set forth.

4. The arrangement herein described of the bending jaws and swaging diefor the purpose of imparting the desired relative width and thickness atevery part, and of clamping it when thus formed while it is grooved andpunched by a separate die working around the swaging die.

5. The retaining of the shoe in the grip set our hands before twosubscribing witof the bending jaws by means of the cams nesses.

which operate them having a portion of v their periphery the arc of thecircle dei 5 scribed from their center of motion, or the equivalents ofthese devices, until the groov- Witnesses to signature of R. Griths:

ing and punching bits and male former IRA REYNOLDS,

are Withdrawn; in order that the shoe may' WM. M. SMITH.

drop freely the moment it is released from /Vtnesses to signature of G.Shield:` le said jaws. GEO. H. KNIGHT,

In testimony whereof we have hereunto D. H. J. AMES.

